Anthropometric, metabolic, and reproductive outcomes of patients with central precocious puberty treated with leuprorelin acetate 3-month depot (11.25 mg)

J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2021 Jul 23;34(11):1371-1377. doi: 10.1515/jpem-2021-0142. Print 2021 Nov 25.

Abstract

Objectives: Longer-acting gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs (GnRHa) have been widely used for central precocious puberty (CPP) treatment. However, the follow-up of patients after this treatment are still scarce. Our aim was to describe anthropometric, metabolic, and reproductive follow-up of CPP patients after treatment with leuprorelin acetate 3-month depot (11.25 mg).

Methods: Twenty-two female patients with idiopathic CPP were treated with leuprorelin acetate 3-month depot (11.25 mg). Their medical records were retrospectively evaluated regarding clinical, hormonal, and imaging aspects before, during, and after GnRHa treatment until adult height (AH).

Results: At the diagnosis of CPP, the mean chronological age (CA) was 8.2 ± 1.13 year, and mean bone age (BA) was 10.4 ± 1.4 year. Mean height SDS at the start and the end of GnRHa treatment was 1.6 ± 0.8 and 1.3 ± 0.9, respectively. The mean duration of GnRHa treatment was 2.8 ± 0.8 year. Mean predicted adult heights (PAH) at the start and the end of GnRH treatment was 153.2 ± 8.6 and 164.4 ± 7.3 cm, respectively (p<0.05). The mean AH was 163.2 ± 6.2 cm (mean SDS: 0.1 ± 1). All patients were within their target height (TH) range. There was a decrease in the percentage of overweight and obesity from the diagnosis until AH (39-19% p>0.05). At the AH, the insulin resistance and high LDL levels were identified in 3/17 patients (17.6%) and 2/21 patients (9.5%), respectively. The mean CA of menarche was 12.2 ± 0.5 years. At the AH, PCOS was diagnosed in one patient (4.8%).

Conclusions: Long-term anthropometric, metabolic, and reproductive follow-up of patients with CPP treated with longer-acting GnRHa revealed effectivity, safety, and favorable outcomes.

Keywords: adult height; body composition; central precocious puberty; gonadal function; leuprorelin acetate 11.25 mg.

MeSH terms

  • Body Height / drug effects*
  • Child
  • Female
  • Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / analogs & derivatives*
  • Humans
  • Leuprolide / administration & dosage
  • Leuprolide / therapeutic use*
  • Menarche / drug effects*
  • Puberty, Precocious / drug therapy*
  • Puberty, Precocious / mortality
  • Reproduction / drug effects*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone
  • Leuprolide