Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats as an advanced treatment for Parkinson's disease

Abstract

Recently, genome-editing technology like clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 has improved the translational gap in the treatments mediated through gene therapy. The advantages of the CRISPR system, such as, work in the living cells and tissues, candidate this technique for the employing in experiments and the therapy of central nervous system diseases. Parkinson's disease (PD) is a widespread, disabling, neurodegenerative disease induced by dopaminergic neuron loss and linked to progressive motor impairment. Pathophysiological basis knowledge of PD has modified the PD classification model and expresses in the sporadic and familial types. Analyses of the earliest genetic linkage have shown in PD the inclusion of synuclein alpha (SNCA) genomic duplication and SNCA mutations in the familial types of PD pathogenesis. This review analyzes the structure, development, and function in genome editing regulated through the CRISPR/Cas9. Also, it explains the genes associated with PD pathogenesis and the appropriate modifications to favor PD. This study follows the direction by understanding the PD linking analyses in which the CRISPR technique is applied. Finally, this study explains the limitations and future trends of CRISPR service in relation to the genome-editing process in PD patients' induced pluripotent stem cells.

Keywords: Parkinson's disease; clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated protein 9; gene editing; induced pluripotent stem cells; neuroinflammation.