Polycomb-group proteins in the initiation and progression of cancer

J Genet Genomics. 2021 Jun 20;48(6):433-443. doi: 10.1016/j.jgg.2021.03.013. Epub 2021 May 1.

Abstract

The Polycomb group (PcG) proteins are a family of chromatin regulators and critical for the maintenance of cellular identity. The PcG machinery can be categorized into at least three multi-protein complexes, namely Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1), PRC2, and Polycomb Repressive DeUBiquitinase (PR-DUB). Their deregulation has been associated with human cancer initiation and progression. Here we review the updated understanding for PcG proteins in transcription regulation and DNA damage repair and highlight increasing links to the hallmarks in cancer. Accordingly, we discuss some of the recent advances in drug development or strategies against cancers caused by the gain or loss of PcG functions.

Keywords: Cancer; Epigenetic; Polycomb group; Polycomb repressive complex; Transcription regulation.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Chromatin / metabolism
  • DNA Repair
  • Epigenesis, Genetic / drug effects
  • Histones / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Neoplasms / genetics
  • Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Polycomb-Group Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Polycomb-Group Proteins / genetics
  • Polycomb-Group Proteins / metabolism*
  • Transcription, Genetic

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Chromatin
  • Histones
  • Polycomb-Group Proteins