Obliterating potential of active products for dentin hypersensitivity treatment under an erosive challenge

Abstract

Objectives: To compare the effect of 5 desensitizing agents on the hydraulic conductance (Lp) of dentin and to analyze its surface under a Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope (LSCM) before and after an erosive challenge.

Methods: Lp was analyzed in the following sequence: in the presence of smear layer (pMin), after a 15-second acid etching (pMax), after treatment with a desensitizing agent (pTreat) and after a 1-minute erosive challenge (6% citric acid - pEro). Fifty 1.0 ± 0.2 mm-thick dentin disks were prepared from sound human third molars and were randomly distributed into 5 groups (n = 10): FG-Fluoride gel (control), SA-Sensiactive, PR-Sensitive Pro-Relief, NP-Desensibilize Nano-P and EV-Enamel Pro Varnish. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey tests (α<0.05). Additional specimens were analyzed under a Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope (LSCM) and by Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS).

Results: All materials reduced the Lp in some extent, except for FG and EV. After the erosive challenge, SA was the only material effectively able to keep the same Lp of the post-treatment phase, while the other products showed lower resistance upon an erosive challenge. Under the LSCM, the SA and NP materials were more effective to obliterate the opened dentin tubules and demonstrated higher resistance upon an erosive challenge. The EDS analysis evidenced levels of Ca, O, P, Si, Na and S.

Conclusions: Product containing potassium oxalate was the most effective in reducing Lp of dentin samples before and after an erosive challenge. Under a LSCM, products containing potassium oxalate or hydroxyapatite crystals seemed to be occluding the dentin tubules after an erosive challenge.

Keywords: Dentin desensitizing agents; Dentin permeability; Dentin sensitivity; Erosion.