Burden of Sleep Disturbance During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review

Ying Ni Lin; Zhuo Ran Liu; Shi Qi Li; Chuan Xiang Li; Liu Zhang; Ning Li; Xian Wen Sun; Hong Peng Li; Jian Ping Zhou; Qing Yun Li

doi:10.2147/NSS.S312037

Burden of Sleep Disturbance During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review

Nat Sci Sleep. 2021 Jun 28:13:933-966. doi: 10.2147/NSS.S312037. eCollection 2021.

Authors

Ying Ni Lin^#^{1

2}, Zhuo Ran Liu^#³, Shi Qi Li^#^{1

2}, Chuan Xiang Li^{1

2

4}, Liu Zhang^{1

2}, Ning Li^{1

2}, Xian Wen Sun^{1

2}, Hong Peng Li^{1

2}, Jian Ping Zhou^{1

2}, Qing Yun Li^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China.
² Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China.
³ Department of Thyroid and Vascular Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China.
⁴ Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan No.3 Hospital, Wuhan, 430000, People's Republic of China.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may exert adverse impacts on sleep among populations, which may raise awareness of the burden of sleep disturbance, and the demand of intervention strategies for different populations. We aimed to summarize the current evidence for the impacts of COVID-19 on sleep in patients with COVID-19, healthcare workers (HWs), and the general population. We searched PubMed and Embase for studies on the prevalence of sleep disturbance. Totally, 86 studies were included in the review, including 16 studies for COVID-19 patients, 34 studies for HWs, and 36 studies for the general population. The prevalence of sleep disturbance was 33.3%-84.7%, and 29.5-40% in hospitalized COVID-19 patients and discharged COVID-19 survivors, respectively. Physiologic and psychological traumatic effects of the infection may interact with environmental factors to increase the risk of sleep disturbance in COVID-19 patients. The prevalence of sleep disturbance was 18.4-84.7% in HWs, and the contributors mainly included high workloads and shift work, occupation-related factors, and psychological factors. The prevalence of sleep disturbance was 17.65-81% in the general population. Physiologic and social-psychological factors contributed to sleep disturbance of the general population during COVID-19 pandemic. In summary, the sleep disturbance was highly prevalent during COVID-19 pandemic. Specific health strategies should be implemented to tackle sleep disturbance.

Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic; SARS-CoV2; sleep disturbance.

Publication types

Review