Modulating the host immune response to fight against COVID-19: Where are we in 2021?

Virulence. 2021 Dec;12(1):1732-1736. doi: 10.1080/21505594.2021.1943275.

Decsa Medika Hertanto^{1

2}, Henry Sutanto³, Bayu Satria Wiratama^{4

5}, Citrawati Dyah Kencono Wungu^{6

7}

¹ Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.
² Department of Internal Medicine, Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.
³ Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
⁴ Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
⁵ Graduate Institute of Injury Prevention and Control, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
⁶ Department of Physiology and Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.
⁷ Institute of Tropical Disease, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.

No abstract available

Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; coronavirus; drug repurposing; immune system; immunology; immunomodulation; pharmacotherapy.

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