Dyslipidemia has been widely acknowledged as one of the major predisposing factors for the development and progression of atherosclerosis. While advanced atherosclerosis confirmed to influence the prognosis of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), it has not yet been established, whether this impact is gender-dependent.
Aim: The aim of study was to investigate possible gender-related effect of dyslipidemia and generalized atherosclerosis on the long-term outcomes in patients with ACS.
Materials and methods: A total of 247 patients (88 women and 159 men) with ACS were included. Sample was divided into two groups, according to gender. Patients' lipid and comorbidity profiles were assessed. Cumulative major adverse coronary events (MACE) were estimated throughout 3-year follow-up period.
Results: Women were older and had more comorbidities. Cumulative 3-year MACE rates were higher in women than in men (33% vs. 23%, p=0.06). In the multivariable Cox regression analysis abnormal lipid profiles were more significantly associated with higher MACE in females (HR=1.5, 95% CI [1-2,28], p<0.00001), compared with males (HR=1.0, 95% CI [0.5-2.08], p=0.4), as well as prior MI: (HR=3.8, 95% CI [1.4- 10.5], p<0.00001) vs. (HR=1.9, 95% [0.8-4.2], p=0.009) and concomitant peripheral artery disease (PAD): (HR=5.2, 95% CI [1.5-18.2], p<0.00001) vs. (HR=2.2, 95% CI [0.73-6.6], p=0.02) respectively.
Conclusions: In our study dyslipidemia, concomitant PAD and history of MI were independent predictors of higher MACE more significantly in females with ACS than in males. Thus, it can be assumed that female patients require an increased medical attention with strict serum lipid control.
Keywords: atherosclerosis; gender differences; outcomes.
© 2021 MEDPRESS.