Mechanism and Prevention of Ototoxicity Induced by Aminoglycosides

Xiaolong Fu; Peifeng Wan; Peipei Li; Jinpeng Wang; Siwei Guo; Yuan Zhang; Yachun An; Chao Ye; Ziyi Liu; Jiangang Gao; Jianming Yang; Jiangang Fan; Renjie Chai

doi:10.3389/fncel.2021.692762

Mechanism and Prevention of Ototoxicity Induced by Aminoglycosides

Front Cell Neurosci. 2021 Jun 15:15:692762. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2021.692762. eCollection 2021.

Authors

Xiaolong Fu¹, Peifeng Wan², Peipei Li³, Jinpeng Wang⁴, Siwei Guo², Yuan Zhang³, Yachun An², Chao Ye², Ziyi Liu², Jiangang Gao², Jianming Yang⁵, Jiangang Fan⁶, Renjie Chai^{1

7

8

9}

Affiliations

¹ State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
² School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, China.
³ Department of Otology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
⁴ The Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology of Shandong, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China.
⁵ Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
⁶ Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.
⁷ Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China.
⁸ Institute of Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
⁹ Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Abstract

Aminoglycosides, a class of clinically important drugs, are widely used worldwide against gram-negative bacterial infections. However, there is growing evidence that aminoglycosides can cause hearing loss or balance problems. In this article, we mainly introduce the main mechanism of ototoxicity induced by aminoglycosides. Genetic analysis showed that the susceptibility of aminoglycosides was attributable to mutations in mtDNA, especially A1555G and C1494T mutations in 12S rRNA. In addition, the overexpression of NMDA receptors and the formation of free radicals also play an important role. Understanding the mechanism of ototoxicity induced by aminoglycosides is helpful to develop new therapeutic methods to protect hearing. In this article, the prevention methods of ototoxicity induced by aminoglycosides were introduced from the upstream and downstream aspects.

Keywords: aminoglycosides; hearing loss; mechanism; ototoxicity; prevention.

Publication types

Review