Hard Anodization Film on Carbon Steel Surface by Thermal Spray and Anodization Methods

Pao-Chang Chiang; Chih-Wei Chen; Fa-Ta Tsai; Chung-Kwei Lin; Chien-Chon Chen

doi:10.3390/ma14133580

Hard Anodization Film on Carbon Steel Surface by Thermal Spray and Anodization Methods

Materials (Basel). 2021 Jun 26;14(13):3580. doi: 10.3390/ma14133580.

Authors

Pao-Chang Chiang^{1

2

3}, Chih-Wei Chen^{4

5}, Fa-Ta Tsai⁶, Chung-Kwei Lin^{1

3}, Chien-Chon Chen^{3

7}

Affiliations

¹ School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
² Dental Department, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan.
³ Research Center of Digital Oral Science and Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
⁴ Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan.
⁵ Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Institute of Industrial Safety and Disaster Prevention, College of Sustainable Environment, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 71710, Taiwan.
⁶ Department of Mechanical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 36003, Taiwan.
⁷ Department of Energy Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 36003, Taiwan.

Abstract

In this paper, we used two mass-produced industrial technologies, namely, thermal spraying and anodization methods, to enhance the surface characteristics of AISI 1045 medium carbon steel for use in special environments or products. The anodic film can effectively improve the surface properties of carbon steel. A sequence of treatments of the carbon steel substrate surface that consist of sandblasting, spraying the aluminum film, annealing, hot rolling, cleaning, grinding, and polishing can increase the quality of the anodized film. This paper proposes an anodization process for the surface of carbon steel to increase the corrosion resistance, hardness, color diversification, and electrical resistance. The resulting surface improves the hardness (from 170 HV to 524 HV), surface roughness (from 1.26 to 0.15 μm), coloring (from metal color to various colors), and corrosion resistance (from rusty to corrosion resistant). The electrochemical corrosion studies showed that the AISI 1045 steel surface with a hard anodized film had a lower corrosion current density of 10^-^5.9 A/cm² and a higher impedance of 9000 ohm than those of naked AISI 1045 steel (10^-4.2 A/cm² and 150 ohm) in HCl gas.

Keywords: AISI 1045; anodization; carbon steel; corrosion; hardness; thermal spray.