Comprehensive Lower Extremities Joints Range of Motion Profile in Futsal Players

Antonio Cejudo; Iñaki Ruiz-Pérez; Sergio Hernández-Sánchez; Mark De Ste Croix; Pilar Sainz de Baranda; Francisco Ayala

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.658996

Comprehensive Lower Extremities Joints Range of Motion Profile in Futsal Players

Front Psychol. 2021 Jun 14:12:658996. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.658996. eCollection 2021.

Authors

Antonio Cejudo¹, Iñaki Ruiz-Pérez², Sergio Hernández-Sánchez³, Mark De Ste Croix⁴, Pilar Sainz de Baranda¹, Francisco Ayala^{1

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Affiliations

¹ Department of Physical Activity and Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
² Department of Sport Sciences, Sports Research Centre, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Elche, Spain.
³ Department of Pathology and Surgery, Physiotherapy Area, Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, Alicante, Spain.
⁴ School of Sport and Exercise, University of Gloucestershire, Gloucester, United Kingdom.
⁵ Ramón y Cajal Postdoctoral Fellowship, Department of Physical Activity and Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.

Abstract

The purposes of this study were to describe the lower extremities joints range of motion (ROM) profile using a comprehensive approach in futsal players and to examine potential player position (goalkeepers vs. outfield players), competitive level (first [top] division vs. second division), number of playing years, sex (males vs. females), and bilateral (dominant limb vs. non-dominant limb) differences. A total of 72 male and 67 female elite futsal players from 11 clubs were measured of passive hip (flexion with knee flexed [HF _KF ] and extended [HF _KE ], extension [HE], abduction [HA], external [HER], and internal [HIR] rotation), knee (flexion [KF]) and ankle (dorsiflexion with knee flexed [ADF _KF ] and extended [ADF _KE ]) ROMs. Bayesian inferences exploring differences between player position, competitive level, sex and limb were made. A Bayesian correlation analysis was conducted to explore the influence of playing years on joints ROMs. The results showed no significant player position or competitive level related differences in any average ROM score. However, statistically significant sex-related differences were documented whereby female players reported higher hip and knee joints ROM average values than their male counterparts. Especially relevant were the proportions of males (72%) and players from teams engaged in the second division (61%) displaying limited HF _KE ROMs. Likewise, around 35% of all players showed restricted ADF _KF ROMs. In addition, approximately 21, 18, 22, and 25% of the futsal players were identified as having bilateral asymmetries (≥8°) for HA, HIR, HER, and KF ROMs, respectively. Finally, Bayesian correlation analysis did not report any significant association between years of playing futsal and ROM measures (all r values < 0.34). The implications that these restricted HF _KE and ADF _KF ROMs and bilateral asymmetries in hip (abduction, internal and external rotation) and knee (flexion) ROMs caused by the practice of futsal may have on physical performance and injury risk warrant future research.

Keywords: futsal; injury risk; muscle flexibility; rehabilitation; soft tissue injuries.