Background: Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is a group of genetically and clinically heterogeneous peripheral nervous system disorders. Few studies have identified genetic causes of CMT in the Pakistani patients.
Methods: This study was performed to identify pathogenic mutations in five consanguineous Pakistani CMT families negative for PMP22 duplication. Genomic screening was performed by application of whole exome sequencing.
Results: We identified five pathogenic or likely pathogenic homozygous mutations in four genes: c.2599C > T (p.Gln867*) and c.3650G > A (p.Gly1217Asp) in SH3TC2, c.19C > T (p.Arg7*) in HK1, c.247delG (p.Gly83Alafs*44) in REEP1, and c.334G > A (p.Val112Met) in MFN2. These mutations have not been reported in CMT patients. Mutations in SH3TC2, HK1, REEP1, and MFN2 have been reported to be associated with CMT4C, CMT4G, dHMN5B (DSMA5B), and CMT2A, respectively. The genotype-phenotype correlations were confirmed in all the examined families. We also confirmed that both alleles from the homozygous variants originated from a single ancestor using homozygosity mapping.
Conclusions: This study found five novel mutations as the underlying causes of CMT. Pathogenic mutations in SH3TC2, HK1, and REEP1 have been reported rarely in other populations, suggesting ethnic-specific distribution. This study would be useful for the exact molecular diagnosis and treatment of CMT in Pakistani patients.
Keywords: Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease (CMT); Consanguinity; Homozygosity; Pakistan; Whole exome sequencing.