UK Biobank (UKB) is a forward-looking epidemiological project with over 500, 000 people aged 40 to 69, whose image extension project plans to re-invite 100, 000 participants from UKB to perform multimodal brain magnetic resonance imaging. Large-scale multimodal neuroimaging combined with large amounts of phenotypic and genetic data provides great resources to conduct brain health-related research. This article provides an in-depth overview of UKB in the field of neuroimaging. Firstly, neuroimage collection and imaging-derived phenotypes are summarized. Secondly, typical studies of UKB in neuroimaging areas are introduced, which include cardiovascular risk factors, regulatory factors, brain age prediction, normality, successful and morbid brain aging, environmental and genetic factors, cognitive ability and gender. Lastly, the open challenges and future directions of UKB are discussed. This article has the potential to open up a new research field for the prevention and treatment of neurological diseases.
英国生物银行（UKB）是一项前瞻性流行病学研究计划，招募了逾 50 万名年龄在 40～69 岁之间的参与者。其影像扩展项目共邀请了 10 万名 UKB 参与者进行多模态大脑磁共振成像扫描。这些海量的多模态成像与大量的表型、遗传数据结合，为脑健康相关研究领域提供了很好的资源。本文就 UKB 在神经影像领域的研究进展展开综述。首先概括了 UKB 中神经影像的数据采集和影像学衍生表型，随后从心血管疾病风险因素、调节性因素、脑年龄预测、常态、成功和病态脑老化、环境与遗传因素、认知能力及性别等多个应用层面，分别介绍了 UKB 中的一些典型研究，并对研究中存在的问题和未来发展方向进行了探讨，以期为神经系统疾病的预防和治疗开辟新的研究领域。.
Keywords: UK Biobank; biomedical; brain aging; multimodality magnetic resonance imaging; neuroimaging.