Qualitative Comparative Analysis and robust sufficiency

Qual Quant. 2022;56(4):1939-1963. doi: 10.1007/s11135-021-01157-z. Epub 2021 Jun 23.

Abstract

Some methodologists take the search target of Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) to be causal INUS-conditions, others contend that QCA should instead be used to search for some form of sufficiency that is more substantive than mere Boolean sufficiency. While the notion of an INUS-condition has a long and uncontroversial definitional history, Adrian Dusa, in a recent paper, is the first to explicitly define a notion of substantive sufficiency, which he labels robust sufficiency. Dusa's definition, however, is vacuous in real-life research contexts. As an alternative, the first part of this paper non-vacuously defines robust sufficiency and supplies a corresponding notion of minimality, which-I argue-captures Dusa's conceptual intentions. In the second part, I then report and discuss the results of a series of simulation experiments benchmarking the performance of the different QCA solution types in recovering robust sufficiency and minimality.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11135-021-01157-z.

Keywords: Configurational comparative methods; INUS causation; Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA); Robust sufficiency; Solution types.