Merkel cell carcinoma of the breast: A case report

Abstract

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) of the breast is a very rare and aggressive type of neuroendocrine carcinoma of the breast (NECB) that typically occurs in older and immunocompromised individuals often presenting as a large palpable mass (Albright et al., 2018¹). Imaging features of MCC are similar to other NECBs, typically appearing as an oval circumscribed mass on mammography and as an irregular mass with increased vascularity on sonography (Jeon et al., 2014²). While both MCC and primary NECB demonstrate positive immunostaining for synaptophysin, obtaining immunohistochemical stains for specific markers, such as CK7 and CK20 is imperative to confirm the diagnosis of MCC (Albright et al., 2018¹). We present a case of a 57-year-old female patient with no personal or family history of breast cancer, who presented for evaluation of a palpable abnormality in her left breast. Initial diagnostic mammogram demonstrated a circumscribed mass in the upper outer quadrant of the left breast corresponding to the palpable area of concern, which correlated to an irregular mass with increased vascularity on targeted ultrasound, similar to other NECBs. Pathologic results after tissue sampling yielded poorly differentiated primary NECB. Following neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the patient underwent a lumpectomy and further immunohistochemical stains of the lumpectomy specimen demonstrated diffusely positive synaptophysin, negative CK7, and positive CK20, consistent with MCC of the breast.

Keywords: Merkel cell carcinoma; Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the breast; Palpable breast mass.