Eleven new iridoids, brachybones A-K (1-11), were isolated from the twigs of Viburnum brachybotryum. Their structures including absolute configurations were determined by spectroscopic data analysis and from the electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. All of the compounds 1-11 possess one or two acetoxysenecioate substituents. Furthermore, compounds 5-7 and 11 feature a Cl atom in the molecule, while compounds 9-11 exhibit a cagelike rigid skeleton through an unusual oxo bridge from C-3 to C-8 or C-10. The isolates were evaluated for cytotoxic activity against the HCT-116, A549, and Hela cell lines, and the results showed compounds 10 and 11 to be active against HCT-116 cells.