Platinum nanoparticles inhibit intracellular ROS generation and protect against cold atmospheric plasma-induced cytotoxicity

Abstract

Platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) have been investigated for their antioxidant abilities in a range of biological and other applications. The ability to reduce off-target cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) cytotoxicity would be useful in Plasma Medicine; however, little has been published to date about the ability of PtNPs to reduce or inhibit the effects of CAP. Here we investigate whether PtNPs can protect against CAP-induced cytotoxicity in cancerous and non-cancerous cell lines. PtNPs were shown to dramatically reduce intracellular reactive species (RONS) production in U-251 MG cells. However, RONS generation was unaffected by PtNPs in medium without cells. PtNPs protect against CAP induced mitochondrial membrane depolarization, but not cell membrane permeabilization which is a CAP-induced RONS-independent event. PtNPs act as potent intracellular scavengers of reactive species and can protect against CAP induced cytotoxicity. PtNPs, showing no significant biocorrosion, may be useful as a catalytic antioxidant for healthy tissue and for protecting against CAP-induced tissue damage.

Keywords: Antioxidants; Cancer treatment; Cold atmospheric plasma; Free radicals; Platinum nanoparticles.