Sodium and ultrafiltration profiling in hemodialysis: A long-forgotten issue revisited

Hemodial Int. 2021 Oct;25(4):433-446. doi: 10.1111/hdi.12952. Epub 2021 Jun 16.

Abstract

Sodium and ultrafiltration profiling are method of dialysis in which dialysate sodium concentration and ultrafiltration rate are altered during the course of the dialysis session. Sodium and ultrafiltration profiling have been used, commonly simultaneously, to improve hemodynamic stability during hemodialysis. Sodium profiling is particularly effective in decreasing the incidence of intradialytic hypotension, while ultrafiltration profiling is suggested to decrease subclinical repeated end organ ischemia during dialysis. However, complications such as increased interdialytic weight gain and thirst due to sodium excess have prevented widespread use of sodium profiling. Evidence suggest that different sodium profiling techniques may lead to different clinical results, and preferring sodium balance neutral sodium profiling may mitigate adverse effects related to sodium overload. However, evidence is lacking on the long-term clinical outcomes of different sodium profiling methods. Optimal method of sodium profiling as well as the utility of sodium/ultrafiltration profiling in routine practice await further clinical investigation.

Keywords: hemodialysis; interdialytic weight gain; sodium profiling; ultrafiltration.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Dialysis Solutions
  • Humans
  • Hypotension*
  • Renal Dialysis / adverse effects
  • Sodium*
  • Ultrafiltration

Substances

  • Dialysis Solutions
  • Sodium