Unraveling the Underlying Interaction Mechanism Between Dabie bandavirus and Innate Immune Response

Front Immunol. 2021 May 27:12:676861. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.676861. eCollection 2021.

Abstract

The genus Bandavirus consists of seven tick-borne bunyaviruses, among which four are known to infect humans. Dabie bandavirus, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV), poses serious threats to public health worldwide. SFTSV is a tick-borne virus mainly reported in China, South Korea, and Japan with a mortality rate of up to 30%. To date, most immunology-related studies focused on the antagonistic role of SFTSV non-structural protein (NSs) in sequestering RIG-I-like-receptors (RLRs)-mediated type I interferon (IFN) induction and type I IFN mediated signaling pathway. It is still elusive whether the interaction of SFTSV and other conserved innate immune responses exists. As of now, no specific vaccines or therapeutics are approved for SFTSV prevention or treatments respectively, in part due to a lack of comprehensive understanding of the molecular interactions occurring between SFTSV and hosts. Hence, it is necessary to fully understand the host-virus interactions including antiviral responses and viral evasion mechanisms. In this review, we highlight the recent progress in understanding the pathogenesis of SFTS and speculate underlying novel mechanisms in response to SFTSV infection.

Keywords: Bandavirus; PRRs; SFTSV; immune escape; type I interferon.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Asia, Eastern / epidemiology
  • Asia, Southeastern / epidemiology
  • Autophagy / immunology
  • DEAD Box Protein 58 / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Immune Evasion / immunology*
  • Immunity, Innate*
  • Interferon Type I / metabolism
  • Pakistan / epidemiology
  • Phlebovirus / classification
  • Phlebovirus / immunology*
  • Pyroptosis / immunology
  • Receptors, Immunologic / metabolism
  • Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome / epidemiology
  • Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome / immunology*
  • Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome / virology
  • Signal Transduction / immunology
  • Viral Nonstructural Proteins / immunology
  • Virus Replication / immunology

Substances

  • Interferon Type I
  • Receptors, Immunologic
  • Viral Nonstructural Proteins
  • RIGI protein, human
  • DEAD Box Protein 58