Racial/Ethnic Group Differences and Sociocultural Factors Associated With Implicit and Explicit Attitudes Toward Undocumented Latino Immigrants

J Lat Psychol. 2021 May;9(2):125-139. doi: 10.1037/lat0000180. Epub 2020 Sep 17.

Abstract

In the context of recent policies aimed at deterring immigration and criminalizing undocumented Latino immigrants, we examined factors predicting implicit and explicit attitudes toward this population. We hypothesized that more positive implicit and explicit attitudes toward undocumented Latino immigrants would be displayed by Latinxs (compared to non-Hispanic Whites) and by individuals having personal connections to undocumented immigrants or a high level of intercultural sensitivity. Latinx (n = 376) and non-Hispanic White (n = 214) college students (70% female, M age = 21) participated in this cross-sectional study and completed two Implicit Association Tests and measures of explicit attitudes, personal connections, and intercultural sensitivity. As predicted, Latinx participants held more positive implicit and explicit attitudes than non-Hispanic White participants. Intercultural sensitivity and personal connections to undocumented immigrants were associated with more positive explicit attitudes. Identifying factors that increase a sense of commonality and cultural sensitivity with undocumented Latino immigrants may be helpful in diminishing the profiling and criminalization of this community.

En el contexto de pólizas recientes dirigidas a impedir la inmigración y criminalizar a inmigrantes Latinos indocumentados, examinamos factores que predicen actitudes implícitas y explícitas hacia esta población. Hipotetizamos que comparado a Blancos no Hispanos, Latinxs, personas con conexiones a inmigrantes indocumentados y un nivel alto de sensibilidad intercultural tendrían actitudes implícitas y explícitas más positivas hacia inmigrantes Latinos indocumentados. Estudiantes (70% hembras, promedio de edad = 21) Latinxs (n = 376) y Blancos no Hispanos (n = 214) participaron en este estudio transversal y completaron dos Tests de Asociación Implícitas y medidas de actitudes explícitas, conexiones personales, y sensibilidad intercultural. Como predicamos, participantes Latinxs tenían actitudes implícitas y explícitas más positivas que Blancos no Hispanos. Sensibilidad intercultural y conexiones personales a inmigrantes indocumentados estaban asociados con actitudes explícitas más positivas. Identificando factores que aumenten un sentido de comunalidad y sensibilidad cultural con inmigrantes Latinos indocumentados puede ser útil en disminuyendo el perfil étnico y la criminalización de esta comunidad.

Keywords: Implicit Association Test; Latinxs; attitudes; intergroup contact; undocumented Latino immigrants.