Finding Neymar: The Role of Colour in the Detection and Discrimination of Football Kits

Perception. 2021 Jul;50(7):615-626. doi: 10.1177/03010066211019370. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Abstract

Association Football (hereafter football) is a fast-moving sport in which rapid decisions need to be made; where are other players, are they on my team? Two experiments investigated how kit variations affect the search of teammates. Experiment 1 confirmed that discriminability is slower when playing in crossed kits (e.g., red shirts-blue shorts vs. blue shirts-red shorts), versus uniform kits (e.g., all red vs. all blue). Experiment 2 found that there is significant confusion when both teams wear the same-coloured shorts. Based on these findings, we suggest changes to the Laws of the game concerning kit colours.

Keywords: football; kit colour; perception; shirts; visual detection; visual search.

MeSH terms

  • Color
  • Color Perception
  • Football*
  • Humans