Clinical Outcomes of Self-Made Polyurethane-Covered Stent Implantation for the Treatment of Coronary Artery Perforations

J Interv Cardiol. 2021 May 17:2021:6661763. doi: 10.1155/2021/6661763. eCollection 2021.

Abstract

Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the short- and long-term clinical outcomes of self-made polyurethane-covered stents (PU-CS) in patients for the management of coronary artery perforation (CAP) during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Background: Coronary artery perforation is reckoned as a serious complication in PCI and associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Covered stents have been used for treating the life-threatening CAP during PCI. But in some catheterization laboratories, no commercial CS is immediately available when there is an urgent need for CS to rescue the coronary rupture site.

Methods: We retrospectively identified 24 patients who underwent 31 self-made PU-CS implantations due to CAP in Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, from June 2015 to January 2020.

Results: The total procedural success rate of CS to seal the perforation was 79.2%. Nine patients (37.5%) developed cardiac tamponade, of which 8 patients (33.3%) underwent pericardiocentesis and 4 patients (16.7%) underwent cardiac surgeries. Except for 4 cardiac death cases (16.7%), none of myocardial infarction (MI), target lesion revascularization (TLR), and stent thrombosis (ST) was reported during hospital stay. Data from 22 patients (91.7%) were available at 610.4 ± 420.9 days of follow-up. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) occurred in 6 patients (27.3%), including 5 cases of cardiac death and one TLR case.

Conclusions: Self-made PU-CS demonstrates high rates of successful delivery and sealing of severe CAP during PCI. Although the in-hospital mortality remains high after PU-CS implantation, the long-term follow-up shows favorable clinical outcomes, indicating the feasibility of PU-CS in treating CAP.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • China / epidemiology
  • Coated Materials, Biocompatible / therapeutic use
  • Coronary Vessels* / injuries
  • Coronary Vessels* / surgery
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Intraoperative Complications / surgery*
  • Male
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention* / adverse effects
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention* / instrumentation
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention* / methods
  • Polyurethanes / pharmacology
  • Postoperative Complications* / diagnosis
  • Postoperative Complications* / mortality
  • Postoperative Complications* / surgery
  • Prosthesis Design / methods*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Stents*
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Vascular System Injuries* / etiology
  • Vascular System Injuries* / surgery

Substances

  • Coated Materials, Biocompatible
  • Polyurethanes