R-CHOP Chemotherapy for Disseminated Mycobacterium avium Complex Disease due to Anti-Interferon-Gamma Autoantibodies: A Case Report

Shunsuke Uno; Eisuke Uehara; Toshiki Kimura; Takuro Sakagami; Ho Namkoong; Sho Uchida; Yoshifumi Uwamino; Naoki Hasegawa

doi:10.1093/ofid/ofab181

R-CHOP Chemotherapy for Disseminated Mycobacterium avium Complex Disease due to Anti-Interferon-Gamma Autoantibodies: A Case Report

Open Forum Infect Dis. 2021 Apr 10;8(6):ofab181. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofab181. eCollection 2021 Jun.

Authors

Shunsuke Uno¹, Eisuke Uehara², Toshiki Kimura³, Takuro Sakagami³, Ho Namkoong⁴, Sho Uchida¹, Yoshifumi Uwamino⁵, Naoki Hasegawa¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Infectious Diseases, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
² Department of Hematology, Sainokuni Higashiomiya Medical Center, Saitama, Japan.
³ Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
⁴ Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
⁵ Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Abstract

A 77-year-old Japanese man with disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) disease due to anti-interferon-gamma autoantibodies received rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone (R-CHOP) chemotherapy because of non-Hodgkin lymphoma complication. The hepatobiliary nodules due to MAC resolved with R-CHOP and multidrug antimycobacterial treatment. R-CHOP could serve as an alternative adjunctive therapy for patients with anti-interferon-gamma autoantibodies.

Keywords: R-CHOP; anti-interferon-gamma autoantibody; cyclophosphamide; disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex diseases; rituximab.