A Redox Cu(II)-Graphene Oxide Modified Screen Printed Carbon Electrode as a Cost-Effective and Versatile Sensing Platform for Electrochemical Label-Free Immunosensor and Non-enzymatic Glucose Sensor

Sopit Phetsang; Duangruedee Khwannimit; Parawee Rattanakit; Narong Chanlek; Pinit Kidkhunthod; Pitchaya Mungkornasawakul; Jaroon Jakmunee; Kontad Ounnunkad

doi:10.3389/fchem.2021.671173

A Redox Cu(II)-Graphene Oxide Modified Screen Printed Carbon Electrode as a Cost-Effective and Versatile Sensing Platform for Electrochemical Label-Free Immunosensor and Non-enzymatic Glucose Sensor

Front Chem. 2021 May 20:9:671173. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2021.671173. eCollection 2021.

Authors

Sopit Phetsang^{1

2}, Duangruedee Khwannimit^{1

3}, Parawee Rattanakit³, Narong Chanlek⁴, Pinit Kidkhunthod⁴, Pitchaya Mungkornasawakul^{1

5}, Jaroon Jakmunee^{1

6

7}, Kontad Ounnunkad^{1

6

7

8}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
² National Institute of Technology, Nagaoka College, Niigata, Japan.
³ Division of Chemistry, School of Science, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
⁴ Synchrotron Light Research Institute (Public Organization), Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand.
⁵ Environmental Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
⁶ Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
⁷ Research Center on Chemistry for Development of Health Promoting Products from Northern Resources, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
⁸ Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.

Abstract

A novel copper (II) ions [Cu(II)]-graphene oxide (GO) nanocomplex-modified screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) is successfully developed as a versatile electrochemical platform for construction of sensors without an additionally external redox probe. A simple strategy to prepare the redox GO-modified SPCE is described. Such redox GO based on adsorbed Cu(II) is prepared by incubation of GO-modified SPCE in the Cu(II) solution. This work demonstrates the fabrications of two kinds of electrochemical sensors, i.e., a new label-free electrochemical immunosensor and non-enzymatic sensor for detections of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and glucose, respectively. Our immunosensor based on square-wave voltammetry (SWV) of the redox GO-modified electrode shows the linearity in a dynamic range of 1.0-500 pg.mL^-1 with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.20 pg.mL^-1 for the detection of IgG while non-enzymatic sensor reveals two dynamic ranges of 0.10-1.00 mM (sensitivity = 36.31 μA.mM^-1.cm^-2) and 1.00-12.50 mM (sensitivity = 3.85 μA.mM^-1.cm^-2) with a LOD value of 0.12 mM. The novel redox Cu(II)-GO composite electrode is a promising candidate for clinical research and diagnosis.

Keywords: copper; electrochemistry; glucose; graphene oxide; immunoglobulin G; immunosensor; screen-printed carbon electrode; sensor.