Development and Internal Validation of a Novel Model to Identify Inflammatory Biomarkers of a Response to Escitalopram in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder

Jingjing Zhou; Jia Zhou; Zuoli Sun; Lei Feng; Xuequan Zhu; Jian Yang; Gang Wang

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.593710

Development and Internal Validation of a Novel Model to Identify Inflammatory Biomarkers of a Response to Escitalopram in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder

Front Psychiatry. 2021 May 20:12:593710. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.593710. eCollection 2021.

Authors

Jingjing Zhou^{1

2}, Jia Zhou^{1

2}, Zuoli Sun^{1

2}, Lei Feng^{1

2}, Xuequan Zhu^{1

2}, Jian Yang^{1

2}, Gang Wang^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
² Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Abstract

Objective: The aim of our study was to identify immune- and inflammation-related factors with clinical utility to predict the clinical efficacy of treatment for depression. Study Design: This was a follow-up study. Participants who met the entry criteria were administered with escitalopram (5-10 mg/day) as an initial treatment. Self-evaluation and observer valuations were arranged at the end of weeks 0, 4, 8, and 12, with blood samples collected at baseline and during weeks 2 and 12. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was then carried out by incorporating three cytokines selected by the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression model. Internal validation was estimated using the bootstrap method with 1,000 repetitions. Results: A total of 85 patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), including 62 responders and 23 non-responders, were analyzed. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and lipocalin-2 were selected by the LASSO regression model. The area under the curve (AUC) from the logistic model was 0.811 and was confirmed as 0.7887 following bootstrapping validation. Conclusions: We established and validated a good prediction model to facilitate the individualized prediction of escitalopram treatment for MDD and created a personalized approach to treatment for patients with depression.

Keywords: escitalopram; followed up study; inflammatory biomarkers; major depressive disorder; predictive model.