Natural incorporation of mercury in bone

J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2021 Sep:67:126797. doi: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126797. Epub 2021 May 28.

Abstract

Mercury (Hg) is a highly toxic element that causes bone defects and malformations. Structure and surface analyses using quantitative x-ray diffraction using the Rietveld method, High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy and nanodiffraction analyses, and Fourier-Transformed Infrared spectroscopy showed that bone enriched naturally with Hg (≤ 2.3 %) contained Hg3PO4 [(Hg2)3(PO4)2] and HgO. Bone [mostly as apatite, verified as carboxyapatite Ca10(PO4)4(CO3)3(OH)2(s)] and cinnabar (HgS) dissolved releasing Hg+ (existing as dimer Hg22+) and PO43-, both of which became immobilized as (Hg2)3(PO4)2. Besides, released Hg2+ became oxidized to form HgO. The outcome of this work is novel, provided that only a handful of stable compounds of Hg22+ are found in nature.

Keywords: Hg transformation in bone; Hg(+) (Hg(2)(2+)) natural immobilization.

MeSH terms

  • Bone and Bones / chemistry*
  • Mercury*
  • Oxidation-Reduction
  • Polymers
  • X-Ray Diffraction

Substances

  • Polymers
  • Mercury