Extracellular Vesicles: An Emerging Regenerative Treatment for Oral Disease

Fanzhen He; Lu Li; Ruyi Fan; Xiaoqian Wang; Xu Chen; Yan Xu

doi:10.3389/fcell.2021.669011

Extracellular Vesicles: An Emerging Regenerative Treatment for Oral Disease

Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021 May 17:9:669011. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.669011. eCollection 2021.

Authors

Fanzhen He^{1

2

3}, Lu Li^{1

2

3}, Ruyi Fan^{1

2

3}, Xiaoqian Wang^{1

2

3}, Xu Chen^{1

2

3}, Yan Xu^{1

2

3}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Periodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
² Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
³ Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.

Abstract

Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) are small lipid-enclosed particles containing biological molecules such as RNA and proteins that have emerged as vital modulators of intercellular communication. Increasingly, studies have shown that EVs play an essential role in the occurrence and prognosis of oral diseases. EVs are increasingly considered a research hotspot of oral diseases. In addition, the characteristics of carrying active molecules have also been studied in oral tissue regeneration. Evidence has shown that EVs regulate the homeostasis of the inflammatory microenvironment, promote angiogenesis, and repair damaged tissues. In this review, we summarized the characteristics of EVs and highlighted the role of EVs in oral tissue regeneration, including dental pulp, periodontal tissue, cartilage, and bone. We also discussed their deficiencies and prospects as a potential therapeutic role in the regeneration treatment of oral disease.

Keywords: bone; cartilage; dental pulp; extracellular vesicles; oral tissue regeneration; periodontal tissue.

Publication types

Review