Targeting the VEGF Pathway in Osteosarcoma

Cells. 2021 May 18;10(5):1240. doi: 10.3390/cells10051240.

Abstract

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary tumor of the bones affecting mainly young adults. Despite the advances in the field of systemic anticancer therapy, the prognosis of relapsed of metastatic osteosarcoma patients remain dismal with very short survival. However, the better understanding of the pathophysiology of this subtype of sarcoma has led to the identification of new targeted agents with significant activity. In fact, increased angiogenesis plays a major role in the tumor growth and survival of osteosarcoma patients. Several targeted agents have demonstrated a significant anti-tumor activity including multi-kinase inhibitors. In this review, we will discuss the pathophysiology, rationale, and role of targeting angiogenesis via the VEGF pathway in patients with osteosarcoma with emphasis on the published clinical trials and future directions.

Keywords: angiogenesis; bone neoplasms; osteosarcoma; protein kinase inhibitors; sarcoma; vascular endothelial growth factor A.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Angiogenesis Inhibitors / adverse effects
  • Angiogenesis Inhibitors / therapeutic use*
  • Animals
  • Bone Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Bone Neoplasms / enzymology
  • Bone Neoplasms / mortality
  • Bone Neoplasms / pathology
  • Humans
  • Molecular Targeted Therapy
  • Neovascularization, Pathologic*
  • Osteosarcoma / drug therapy*
  • Osteosarcoma / enzymology
  • Osteosarcoma / mortality
  • Osteosarcoma / pathology
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / adverse effects
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / therapeutic use*
  • Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors / metabolism

Substances

  • Angiogenesis Inhibitors
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
  • Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor