Purpose: We report the outcome of a mono-institutional retrospective study of sinonasal carcinoma with the primary focus on GTV (gross tumor volume) and the effect of radiotherapy.
Methods: 53 patients with sinonasal carcinoma and that of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinus or both except lymphoma were included. All patients were treated between 1999 and 2017. For tumor volume delineation, all pre-therapeutic images were fused to the planning CT (computed tomography).
Results: The median follow-up was 17 months [0.3-60], the median age 60 years, 35 males and 18 females were included. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (60.4%) was the predominant histology, followed by adenocarcinoma (15.1%). The mean composite OS (overall survival) time was 33.3 ± 3.5 months. There was no significant difference in the 5 y composite OS between tumor localization or radiotherapy setting. The simultaneous integrated boost concept showed a trend towards improving five-year composite OS compared to the sequential boost concept. The only factor with a significant impact on the 5 y composite OS rate was the pre-therapeutic GTV (cutoff 75 cm3; p = 0.033). The GTV ≥ 100 cm3 has no effect on the 5 y composite OS rate for SCC.
Conclusions: The pre-therapeutic GTV is a prognostic factor for five-year composite OS for the entire group of patients with sinonasal tumors, influencing the outcome after completion of all treatment strategies. The GTV seems to not influence five-year composite OS in SCC. For this rare tumor entity, an intensive, multidisciplinary discussion is essential to finding the best treatment option for the patient.
Keywords: IMRT; gross tumor volume (GTV); simultaneous integrated boost (SIB), radiochemotherapy; sinonasal tumors; tomotherapy.