Synthesis and characterization of TiO2 NPs by aqueous leaf extract of Coleus aromaticus and assess their antibacterial, larvicidal, and anticancer potential

Mathiyazhagan Narayanan; Paramasivam Vigneshwari; Devarajan Natarajan; Sabariswaran Kandasamy; Mishal Alsehli; Ashraf Elfasakhany; Arivalagan Pugazhendhi

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2021.111335

Synthesis and characterization of TiO₂ NPs by aqueous leaf extract of Coleus aromaticus and assess their antibacterial, larvicidal, and anticancer potential

Environ Res. 2021 Sep:200:111335. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111335. Epub 2021 May 27.

Authors

Mathiyazhagan Narayanan¹, Paramasivam Vigneshwari², Devarajan Natarajan², Sabariswaran Kandasamy³, Mishal Alsehli⁴, Ashraf Elfasakhany⁴, Arivalagan Pugazhendhi⁵

Affiliations

¹ PG and Research Centre in Biotechnology, MGR College, Adhiyamaan Educational Research Institute, Hosur, Krishnagiri, Tamil Nadu, India.
² Natural Drug Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences, Periyar University, Periyar Palkalai Nagar, Salem, 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India.
³ Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
⁴ Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ School of Renewable Energy, Maejo University, Chiang Mai, 50290, Thailand; College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan. Electronic address: pugal.smile@gmail.com.

PMID: 34051200
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111335

Abstract

The frequent applications of synthetic chemical insecticides and drugs create resistance among insects and microbes, creating a new threat to human and environmental welfare. This investigation focused on evaluating the possibilities of fabricating and characterizing the titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO₂ NPs) from titanium dioxide (TiO₂) through the aqueous leaf extract of Coleus aromaticus. Their biological applications were studied against the larvae of Aedes aegypti human pathogenic bacteria, and cancer cell line. The results revealed that the aqueous leaf extract had the metal reducing proficiency to produce nanoparticles from TiO₂. The synthesized TiO₂ NPs were initially confirmed by visible color changes and Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrophotometer analysis that showed a predominant peak at 332 nm. Furthermore, the nanocrystals, structural alignment, functional groups and elemental compositions were studied by following standard operating protocol in XRD (X-ray Powder Diffraction), FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy), and EDX (Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy) techniques, respectively. The results attained from these techniques confirmed that the plant mediated and fabricated particles were in the nanoscale range (12-33 nm) with a hexagonal shape. The synthesized TiO₂ NPs had an outstanding (1000 μg mL^-1) larvicidal activity against the four stages of instars larvae of Ae. aegypti at 1000 μg mL^-1. It also had an excellent antibacterial potential against E. faecalis (33 mm), followed by S. boydii (30 mm) at 30 mg L^-1 concentration. The green fabricated TiO₂ NPs had a fabulous (92.37%) cytotoxic activity on the HeLa cell line at 100 μg mL^-1 dosage within one day of exposure. The entire results concluded that the C. aromaticus mediated TiO₂ NPs have excellent biological applications and thus, could be considered for the welfare of human beings.

Keywords: Antibacterial; Coleus aromaticus; Cytotoxicity; HeLa cell line; Larvicidal; TiO(2) NPs.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Animals
Anti-Bacterial Agents / toxicity
Coleus*
HeLa Cells
Humans
Insecticides*
Larva
Metal Nanoparticles* / toxicity
Plant Extracts / pharmacology
Plant Leaves
Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
Titanium
X-Ray Diffraction

Substances

Anti-Bacterial Agents
Insecticides
Plant Extracts
titanium dioxide
Titanium