RT-qPCR assay for detection of mink astrovirus in outbreaks of diarrhea on Danish mink farms

PLoS One. 2021 May 26;16(5):e0252022. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252022. eCollection 2021.

Abstract

Diarrhea in mink kits is a major cause of disease and mortality in the mink production. The etiology remains unknown in most outbreaks due to a lack of diagnostic assays. In the current study we present an RT-qPCR method to detect mink astrovirus in fecal samples from mink kits with diarrhea. All sampled animals were classified based on age and patoanatomical evaluation as having pre-weaning diarrhea, diarrhea in the growth period or as having no macroscopic signs of diarrhea. Fecal samples were analyzed for MiAstV with RT-qPCR, next generation sequencing and electron microscopy in parallel. Mink astrovirus was detected with RT-qPCR in 92 out of 203 samples. This detection was confirmed by next generation sequencing in a high proportion of samples (22/27), and by visualization of astrovirus particles with EM in some of the samples. Mink astrovirus was highly prevalent (68%) among kits in the outbreaks of pre-weaning diarrhea, in particular outbreaks from May, while less prevalent in outbreaks in June. Mink astrovirus was detected in outbreaks of diarrhea in the growth period, though in a much lesser extent than in the pre-weaning period. The role of mink astrovirus in the diarrhea disease complex of mink remain to be investigated, and for that purpose this sensitive and robust RT-qPCR can be a valuable tool in the future.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Astroviridae / isolation & purification*
  • Astroviridae / pathogenicity
  • Astroviridae Infections / diagnosis*
  • Astroviridae Infections / veterinary
  • Astroviridae Infections / virology
  • Denmark
  • Diarrhea / diagnosis*
  • Diarrhea / veterinary
  • Diarrhea / virology
  • Disease Outbreaks
  • Farms
  • Feces / virology
  • Humans
  • Mink / virology*
  • Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction

Grants and funding

The research was supported by Pelsdyrafgiftsfonden, administered by the Danish Fur breeders Association. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.