Ethyl acetate seed extract of Pongamia pinnata displayed the highest antimicrobial potential against all test pathogens and Staphylococcus epidermidis was reported as the most sensitive strain with MIC/MBC 1.56/3.12 mg ml-1. It inhibited S. epidermidis biofilm 97.43% at MIC and LM as well as FE-SEM micrographs displayed extensive disintegration in biofilm. It showed the highest TPC (1.23 ± 0.04 g GAE g-1), TFC (0.95 ± 0.05 g CE g-1), and antioxidant activity with IC50 18.47 ± 0.33 μg ml-1. MTT assay displayed concentration-dependent strong cytotoxicity on K562 cells on the treatment of ethyl acetate extract with an IC50 value of 84.41 μg ml-1. On the other hand, it showed minute cytotoxicity on normal PBMCs with an IC50 value of 410.14 μg ml-1. GC-MS analysis revealed that Hexadecanoic acid (35.97%); 2-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-yl)furo[2,3-h]chromen-4-one (Pongaglabrone) (22.82%); 2,2-Dimethylindane-1,3-dione- (13.05%) were the three major components in ethyl acetate extract. The present investigation showcases ethyl acetate extract as a potent antimicrobial, antibiofilm, antioxidant, and anticancer agent that opens a new avenue for its phytochemicals as a therapeutic agent.
Keywords: Antibiofilm activity; Anticancer activity; Antimicrobial activity; Antioxidant activity; GC–MS; Pongamia pinnata.
© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.