Selective and Efficient Photoinactivation of Intracellular Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA with Little Accumulation of Drug Resistance: Application of a Ru(II) Complex with Photolabile Ligands

J Med Chem. 2021 Jun 10;64(11):7359-7370. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c02257. Epub 2021 May 25.

Abstract

Novel antibacterial agents capable of efficiently sterilizing intracellular Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) but with low cytotoxicity and low resistance development are quite appealing. In this work, three Ru(II) complexes with photolabile ligands were explored to realize such a goal. Complex 3 (5 μM) can inhibit more than 90% growth of S. aureus/MRSA that has invaded in J774A.1 cells upon visible light irradiation, being much more efficient than vancomycin. In similar conditions, negligible dark- and phototoxicity were found toward the host cells. The bactericidal activity is highly correlated with DNA covalent binding by the Ru(II) fractions generated after ligand photodissociation. Moreover, S. aureus quickly developed resistance toward vancomycin, while negligible resistance toward complex 3 even after 700 generations was obtained. These appealing results may pave a new way for fighting against intracellular antibiotic-resistant pathogens.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / chemistry
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / metabolism
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology*
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Coordination Complexes / chemistry*
  • Coordination Complexes / metabolism
  • Coordination Complexes / pharmacology
  • DNA / chemistry
  • DNA / metabolism
  • Erythrocytes / cytology
  • Erythrocytes / drug effects
  • Erythrocytes / metabolism
  • Hemolysis / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Ligands
  • Light*
  • Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / drug effects*
  • Photolysis
  • Rabbits
  • Ruthenium / chemistry*
  • Staphylococcus aureus / drug effects*

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Coordination Complexes
  • Ligands
  • Ruthenium
  • DNA