Insights into real-world treatment of cluster headache through a large Italian database: prevalence, prescription patterns, and costs

Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 2021 Sep;14(9):1165-1171. doi: 10.1080/17512433.2021.1934448. Epub 2021 May 31.

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed at estimating the treated cluster headache (CH) prevalence and describing prescription patterns and direct costs paid by the Italian National-Health-System.Methods: Through the ReS database (healthcare administrative data collection of a large sample of the Italian population), adults in treatment for CH (acute therapy with sumatriptan/subcutaneous or oxygen, associated with preventive therapy with verapamil or lithium) were selected. A cross-sectional analysis described the prevalence of CH-treated subjects repeated annually in 2013-2017. A longitudinal analysis of patients selected in 2013-2015 and followed for 2 years provided the prescription patterns.Results: The annual prevalence of CH-treated patients increased from 6.4×100,000 adults in 2013 to 6.7 in 2017. In 2013-2015, 570 patients (80.7% M; mean age 46) treated for CH were found. In 50.4%, the identifying CH treatment was sumatriptan/subcutaneous+verapamil. During follow-up, >1/3 changed the preventive drug and interruption was the most frequent modification, although acute treatments were still prescribed. The mean annual cost/patient ranged from €2,956 to €2,267; pharmaceuticals expenditure represented the 56.4% and 57.3%, respectively.Conclusions: This study showed an important unmet need among CH patients, carrying a high economic burden that should be considered in the evaluation of the impact of incoming therapies (e.g. Calcitonin-Gene-Related-Peptide antibodies).

Keywords: Real-world evidence; administrative databases; cluster headache; italy; observational study; pharmacoepidemiology; prescription pattern.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Cluster Headache / drug therapy*
  • Cluster Headache / economics
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Databases, Factual
  • Drug Costs
  • Female
  • Health Care Costs / statistics & numerical data*
  • Humans
  • Italy
  • Lithium Carbonate / administration & dosage
  • Lithium Carbonate / economics
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Oxygen / administration & dosage
  • Oxygen / economics
  • Practice Patterns, Physicians' / statistics & numerical data*
  • Prevalence
  • Sumatriptan / administration & dosage
  • Sumatriptan / economics
  • Verapamil / administration & dosage
  • Verapamil / economics
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Lithium Carbonate
  • Sumatriptan
  • Verapamil
  • Oxygen