Lucrative antioxidant effect of metformin against cyclophosphamide induced nephrotoxicity

Adel F Tohamy; Shaymaa Hussein; Ihab M Moussa; Hamdy Rizk; Samer Daghash; Roua A Alsubki; Ayman S Mubarak; Hanan O Alshammari; Khalid S Al-Maary; Hassan A Hemeg

doi:10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.03.039

Lucrative antioxidant effect of metformin against cyclophosphamide induced nephrotoxicity

Saudi J Biol Sci. 2021 May;28(5):2755-2761. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.03.039. Epub 2021 Mar 18.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.
² Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.
³ Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
⁴ Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
⁵ Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.
⁶ Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Chair of Medical and Molecular Genetics Research, College of Applied Medical Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia.
⁷ Department of Medical Technology/Microbiology, College of Applied Medical Science, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

Cyclophosphamide is anticancer drug with a well-Known nephrotoxicity. This work was applied to study the lucrative antioxidant influence of metformin as co-therapy on the nephrotoxicity induced by cyclophosphamide in the treatment of different cancer diseases. Four groups of male Sprague Dawley rats were used; Control group (C) received single I.P. injection of 0.2 ml saline, Metformin (MET) group received daily gavage of 200 mg/kg metformin for two weeks, Cyclophosphamide (CP) group received single I.P. injection of 200 mg/kg CP, Protector group (CP.MET) received daily gavage of 200 mg/kg metformin for two weeks and single I.P. injection of 200 mg/kg CP at day 7. By day 14 rats were euthanized. Samples were collected from kidney tissues and blood for kidney function evaluation, histopathological and assessment of oxidative stress markers. The results disclosed that CP yields many functional and structural damage to the kidney, worsened oxidative stress markers and kidney function indicators. The protector group displayed better kidney tissue morphology, acceptable kidney function indicators as well as satisfactory oxidative stress markers. In assumption, metformin could be combined with CP owing to its lucrative effect counter to CP persuaded nephrotoxicity.

Keywords: Cyclophosphamide; Histopathology; Kidney; Metformin; Oxidative stress.