Development of a Critical Care Response - Experiences from Italy During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic

Abstract

Italy was the first western country facing an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The first Italian patient diagnosed with COVID-19 was admitted, on Feb. 20, 2020, to the intensive care unit (ICU) in Codogno (Lodi, Lombardy, Italy), and the number of reported positive cases increased to 36 in the next 24 hours, and then exponentially for 18 days. This triggered a response that resulted in a massive surge in ICU bed capacity. The COVID19 Lombardy Network organized a structured logistic response and provided scientific evidence to highlight information on COVID-19 associated respiratory failure.

Keywords: Awake proning; COVID19 Lombardy Network; Coronavirus disease 19; Critical care; Helmet continuous positive airway pressure; Organizational response; Pandemic.