Determination and risk assessment of toxic metals in lipsticks from Europe and China

Sara Lara-Torres; Dany Figueiredo; Soraya Paz; Angel J Gutiérrez; Carmen Rubio; Dailos González-Weller; Consuelo Revert; Arturo Hardisson

doi:10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126792

Determination and risk assessment of toxic metals in lipsticks from Europe and China

J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2021 Sep:67:126792. doi: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126792. Epub 2021 May 17.

Authors

Sara Lara-Torres¹, Dany Figueiredo¹, Soraya Paz¹, Angel J Gutiérrez², Carmen Rubio¹, Dailos González-Weller³, Consuelo Revert⁴, Arturo Hardisson¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Toxicology, University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, 38071, Spain.
² Department of Toxicology, University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, 38071, Spain. Electronic address: ajguti@ull.edu.es.
³ Health Inspection and Laboratory Service, Canary Health Service, S/C de Tenerife, Canary Islands, 38006, Spain.
⁴ Department of Physical Medicine and Pharmacology, University of La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, 38071, Spain.

PMID: 34022566
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126792

Abstract

Background: The presence of toxic toxic metals in lipstick can pose a health risk to many consumers of this type of cosmetics, especially for women. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess consequences attributed to dermal and oral exposure to toxic metals in lipsticks manufactured in China and Europe as determined by non-cancer and cancer risks assessment models from SCCS and USEPA, respectively.

Method: The treatment of the samples was carried out by calcination using muffle furnaces and the determination of Al, Cd and Pb were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES).

Concentrations: The concentration of Cd and Pb in the study samples does not exceed the limits stablished for the FDA (00,228 mg kg^-1·day^-1 for Cd and 000,343 mg kg^-1·day^-1 for Pb, respectively) but they do not comply with the Regulation of the European Parliament, which prohibits the presence of these two metals in cosmetics. Neither European Union nor United States have established maximum levels for Al in cosmetics.

Conclusions: The cancer risk assessment of Cd and Pb metals resulted in a total cancer risk less than 1. The results of non-cancer oral risk assessment for Pb had a MoS result of 88 for China and 62 for Europe, suggesting that Pb poses a risk for the human health, especially in samples manufactured in Europe.

Keywords: Aluminium; Cadmium; Cosmetic; Dermal cancer; Lead; Oral cancer.

MeSH terms

Cadmium / analysis
Cadmium / toxicity
China
Cosmetics* / analysis
Cosmetics* / toxicity
Europe
Female
Humans
Lead / toxicity
Metals, Heavy* / analysis
Metals, Heavy* / toxicity
Risk Assessment

Substances

Cosmetics
Metals, Heavy
Cadmium
Lead