Infections in immunosuppressed travellers with autoimmune inflammatory diseases-a narrative review and advice for clinical practice

Rheumatology (Oxford). 2021 Sep 1;60(9):3969-3976. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/keab445.

Abstract

The management of autoimmune, inflammatory diseases has been revolutionized by biologic therapies. A beneficial consequence of better disease control is that more patients are well enough to travel the world. There is now a class of traveller, the significantly immunosuppressed person with autoimmune disease, with specific risks and requirements. This review introduces the concept of the pre-travel risk assessment and discusses the major vaccine-preventable and non-vaccine-preventable travel-associated infections. The challenges and controversies around vaccination and immunosuppression are reviewed with advice for clinical practice.

Keywords: autoimmune disease; immunosuppressed travellers; immunosuppression; targeted therapies; travel medicine; travel risk assessment; travel vaccines; travel-related infections; vaccine responses; visiting friends and relatives.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Autoimmune Diseases / immunology*
  • Communicable Disease Control*
  • Humans
  • Immunocompromised Host / immunology*
  • Risk Assessment*
  • Travel-Related Illness*
  • Vaccine-Preventable Diseases / immunology*
  • Vaccine-Preventable Diseases / prevention & control*