In regenerative medicine, stem cell therapy is an effective strategy for tissue regeneration and has a positive therapeutic effect on the regeneration and repair of defective tissues. In recent years, a series of studies have shown that the positive effects of stem cell therapy are mediated by exosomes released by the paracrine action of mesenchymal stem cells. Researchers have thus proposed a novel treatment strategy to use stem-cell-derived exosomes alone for tissue regeneration and repair, and affirmed through studies that the effects achieved were comparable to those of stem-cell-based therapies. Therefore, as a promising treatment strategy, exosome-based tissue regeneration treatment measures have been extensively studied. In this review, we discussed the latest knowledge of exosomes and the research progress in the regeneration and repair of related connective tissues, including the regeneration of bones, cartilage, skin, spinal cord and tendons, and briefly discussed the corresponding mechanisms. In addition, the challenges and prospects of tissue regeneration and repair based on mesenchymal stem cell exosomes were discussed.
在再生医学中，干细胞疗法是一种有效的组织再生策略，对缺损的组织再生修复具有积极的治疗作用。近年来，一系列研究表明，干细胞治疗的积极效果是由间充质干细胞的旁分泌起主导作用，是由干细胞释放的外泌体所介导，研究者们从而提出将干细胞来源的外泌体单独用于组织再生修复的可能性，并通过研究证实了其可达到与干细胞疗法相似的效果。因此，作为一种极具潜力的治疗策略，基于外泌体的组织再生治疗方法正在被广泛地研究。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了间充质干细胞来源的外泌体的相关理论及其在结缔组织再生修复方面的研究进展，包括骨、软骨、皮肤、脊髓、以及肌腱等组织的再生，并简要探讨了相应的作用机制。同时讨论了基于间充质干细胞外泌体进行组织再生修复的挑战和展望。
Keywords: Exosomes; Mesenchymal stem cells; Tissue regeneration and repair.
Copyright© by Editorial Board of Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Sciences).