Background: Panoramic radiographs are the most common radiographic tool used by the dental clinicians to evaluate teeth, mandible and other related structures of the jaws. Mandibular condyle is an important anatomical landmark for facial growth, expressed in an upward and backward direction. The presentation of mandibular condyle differs widely among different group of ages and individuals.
Materials and methods: The retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2018 to March 2019 at Dow International Dental College Karachi that includes radiographic evaluation of 500 mandibular condyles. All retrievable orthopantomograms were obtained and data were extracted regarding age, gender and condylar morphology.
Results: The morphological appearances of mandibular condyle have great variation among different age groups and subjects. Normally, we recognise five basic shapes i.e. oval, bird beak, crooked finger, diamond and mixed. Out of 250 pair of condylar heads that were evaluated, 50% were oval, 40% bird beak, 4.8% crooked finger and diamond 4.8%.
Conclusions: All four morphological types of mandibular condyles were observed and the oval shape condyles were most prevalent among both genders and all age groups. In future studies, the inclusion of other parameters and large sample size may provide unique information.
Keywords: mandibular condyle; orthopantomogram; temporomandibular joint morphology.