Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Interstitial Pneumonia Exhibit Pancreatic Hyperenzymemia and Not Acute Pancreatitis

Pancreas. 2021 May-Jun;50(5):732-735. doi: 10.1097/MPA.0000000000001824.

Abstract

Objectives: Gastrointestinal manifestations of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) have been well established, but pancreatic involvement is under debate. Our aims were to evaluate the presence of acute pancreatitis in COVID-19 patients and to assess the frequency of pancreatic hyperenzymemia.

Methods: From April 1, 2020, to April 30, 2020, 110 consecutive patients (69 males, 41 females; mean age, 63.0 years; range, 24-93 years) met these criteria and were enrolled in the study. The clinical data and serum activity of pancreatic amylase and lipase were assayed in all patients using commercially available kits.

Results: None of the patients studied developed clinical signs or morphological alterations compatible with acute pancreatitis. However, it was found that 24.5% of the patients had amylase values above 53 IU/L and 16.4% had lipase values above 300 IU/L. Only 1 patient (0.9%) had both amylase and lipase values in excess of 3-fold the upper normal limit without clinical signs of pancreatitis.

Conclusions: The presence of pancreatic hyperenzymemia in a patient with COVID-19 requires the management of these patients be guided by clinical evaluation and not merely by evaluation of the biochemical results.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Amylases / blood*
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • COVID-19 / complications*
  • COVID-19 / diagnosis
  • Clinical Enzyme Tests*
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lipase / blood*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Pancreatic Diseases / blood
  • Pancreatic Diseases / diagnosis*
  • Pancreatic Diseases / etiology
  • Pancreatitis / blood
  • Pancreatitis / diagnosis*
  • Pancreatitis / etiology
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Prognosis
  • Up-Regulation
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Lipase
  • PNLIP protein, human
  • Amylases