Understanding the sources of errors in ex vivo Hsp90 molecular imaging for rapid-on-site breast cancer diagnosis

Biomed Opt Express. 2021 Mar 23;12(4):2299-2311. doi: 10.1364/BOE.418818. eCollection 2021 Apr 1.

Abstract

Overexpression of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) on the surface of breast cancer cells makes it an attractive molecular biomarker for breast cancer diagnosis. Before a ubiquitous diagnostic method can be established, an understanding of the systematic errors in Hsp90-based imaging is essential. In this study, we investigated three factors that may influence the sensitivity of ex vivo Hsp90 molecular imaging: time-dependent tissue viability, nonspecific diffusion of an Hsp90 specific probe (HS-27), and contact-based imaging. These three factors will be important considerations when designing any diagnostic imaging strategy based on fluorescence imaging of a molecular target on tissue samples.