Enhanced water dispersibility and permeability through a Caco-2 cell monolayer of β-cryptoxanthin extracted from kumquats by complexation with casein

Tatsuya Oshima; Koki Takahashi; Asuka Inada; Masao Yamasaki; Yumi Yamasaki; Nozomu Eto

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129822

Enhanced water dispersibility and permeability through a Caco-2 cell monolayer of β-cryptoxanthin extracted from kumquats by complexation with casein

Food Chem. 2021 Oct 30:360:129822. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129822. Epub 2021 Apr 20.

Authors

Tatsuya Oshima¹, Koki Takahashi², Asuka Inada², Masao Yamasaki³, Yumi Yamasaki⁴, Nozomu Eto³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan. Electronic address: oshimat@cc.miyazaki-u.ac.jp.
² Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan.
³ Department of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan.
⁴ Faculty of Regional Innovation, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan.

PMID: 33984564
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129822

Abstract

β-Cryptoxanthin (BCX) possesses potential therapeutic and health benefits. However, BCX absorption is low because of its poor aqueous solubility. In this study, a complex between BCX and casein (Cas) was prepared to improve the water dispersibility and bioavailability of BCX. BCX was recovered quantitatively from freeze-dried kumquat powder through solid-liquid extraction and saponification. The complexation significantly improved the apparent solubility of BCX under acidic and neutral conditions. A cell membrane permeation test using a Caco-2 cell monolayer was performed to evaluate the bioavailability of the BCX-Cas complex. This complex and a blank sample were digested in vitro and added to the apical side of the Caco-2 cell membrane. The quantity of BCX that permeated using the BCX-Cas complex after 24 h was 22.7 times greater than that of the blank. Thus, complexation of BCX with Cas improved dramatically the bioavailability of BCX from a kumquat extract.

Keywords: Bioavailability; Caco-2 cell; Complexation; Sodium caseinate; β-Cryptoxanthin.

MeSH terms

Beta-Cryptoxanthin / chemistry*
Caco-2 Cells
Caseins / chemistry*
Humans
Permeability
Plant Extracts / chemistry
Rutaceae / chemistry*
Solubility
Water / chemistry

Substances

Beta-Cryptoxanthin
Caseins
Plant Extracts
Water