Effects of fluid flow shear stress to mouse muscle cells on the bone actions of muscle cell-derived extracellular vesicless

Yoshimasa Takafuji; Kohei Tatsumi; Naoyuki Kawao; Kiyotaka Okada; Masafumi Muratani; Hiroshi Kaji

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0250741

Effects of fluid flow shear stress to mouse muscle cells on the bone actions of muscle cell-derived extracellular vesicless

PLoS One. 2021 May 7;16(5):e0250741. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250741. eCollection 2021.

Authors

Yoshimasa Takafuji¹, Kohei Tatsumi¹, Naoyuki Kawao¹, Kiyotaka Okada¹, Masafumi Muratani², Hiroshi Kaji¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Physiology and Regenerative Medicine, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
² Faculty of Medicine, Department of Genome Biology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.

Abstract

The interactions between skeletal muscle and bone have been recently noted, and muscle-derived humoral factors related to bone metabolism play crucial roles in the muscle/bone relationships. We previously reported that extracellular vesicles from mouse muscle C2C12 cells (Myo-EVs) suppress osteoclast formation in mice. Although mechanical stress is included in extrinsic factors which are important for both muscle and bone, the detailed roles of mechanical stress in the muscle/bone interactions have still remained unknown. In present study, we examined the effects of fluid flow shear stress (FFSS) to C2C12 cells on the physiological actions of muscle cell-derived EV. Applying FFSS to C2C12 cells significantly enhanced muscle cell-derived EV-suppressed osteoclast formation and several osteoclast-related gene levels in mouse bone marrow cells in the presence of receptor activator nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL). Moreover, FFSS to C2C12 cells significantly enhanced muscle cell-derived EV-suppressed mitochondria biogenesis genes during osteoclast formation with RANKL treatment. In addition, FFSS to C2C12 cells significantly enhanced muscle cell-derived EV-suppressed osteoclast formation and several osteoclast-related gene levels in Raw264.7 cells in the presence of RANKL. Small RNA-seq-analysis showed that FFSS elevated the expression of miR196a-5p and miR155-5p with the suppressive actions of osteoclast formation and low expression in mouse bone cells. On the other hand, muscle cell-derived EVs with or without FFSS to C2C12 cells did not affect the expression of osteogenic genes, alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralization in mouse osteoblasts. In conclusion, we first showed that FFSS to C2C12 cells enhances the suppressive effects of muscle cell-derived EVs on osteoclast formation in mouse cells. Muscle cell-derived EVs might be partly involved in the effects of mechanical stress on the muscle/bone relationships.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Animals
Biomechanical Phenomena
Bone and Bones / physiology*
Cell Line
Extracellular Vesicles / metabolism*
Hydrodynamics*
Mice
Muscle Cells / cytology*
Shear Strength*
Stress, Mechanical*

Grants and funding

The study was supported by the following grants: Japan Osteoporosis Foundation to K.T. and Y. T.; The Osaka Medical Research Foundation for Intractable Diseases to Y. T.; the Cooperative Research Program (Joint usage/Research Center program) of Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University to Y. T.; the 2019 Kindai University Research Enchancement Grant (SR03) to Y. T.; a JSPS KAKENHI Grant-in-Aid for Early Career Scientists (Grant Number 19K18480) to Y. T.; and a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (grant number 15H05935, “Living in Space”)/Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C:20K09514) to H.K. from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan.