Advances in novel antibiotics to treat multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections

Intern Emerg Med. 2021 Nov;16(8):2231-2241. doi: 10.1007/s11739-021-02749-1. Epub 2021 May 6.

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance is a growing threat to public health and an increasingly common problem for acute care physicians to confront. Several novel antibiotics have been approved in the past decade to combat these infections; however, physicians may be unfamiliar with how to appropriately utilize them. The purpose of this review is to evaluate novel antibiotics active against resistant gram-negative bacteria and highlight clinical information regarding their use in the acute care setting. This review focuses on novel antibiotics useful in the treatment of infections caused by resistant gram-negative organisms that may be seen in the acute care setting. These novel antibiotics include ceftolozane/tazobactam, ceftazidime/avibactam, meropenem/vaborbactam, imipenem/cilistatin/relebactam, cefiderocol, plazomicin, eravacycline, and omadacycline. Acute care physicians should be familiar with these novel antibiotics so they can utilize them appropriately.

Keywords: Antibiotics; Multidrug-resistant; Novel; Resistance.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents*
  • Azabicyclo Compounds / administration & dosage
  • Azabicyclo Compounds / pharmacology
  • Boronic Acids / administration & dosage
  • Boronic Acids / pharmacology
  • Cefiderocol
  • Ceftazidime / administration & dosage
  • Ceftazidime / pharmacology
  • Cephalosporins / administration & dosage
  • Cephalosporins / pharmacology
  • Cilastatin, Imipenem Drug Combination / administration & dosage
  • Cilastatin, Imipenem Drug Combination / pharmacology
  • Drug Combinations
  • Drug Design*
  • Drug Resistance, Multiple / drug effects*
  • Gram-Negative Bacteria / drug effects
  • Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / drug therapy*
  • Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring / administration & dosage
  • Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring / pharmacology
  • Humans
  • Meropenem / administration & dosage
  • Meropenem / pharmacology
  • Sisomicin / administration & dosage
  • Sisomicin / analogs & derivatives
  • Sisomicin / pharmacology
  • Tazobactam / administration & dosage
  • Tazobactam / pharmacology
  • Tetracyclines / administration & dosage
  • Tetracyclines / pharmacology

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Azabicyclo Compounds
  • Boronic Acids
  • Cephalosporins
  • Drug Combinations
  • Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring
  • Tetracyclines
  • avibactam, ceftazidime drug combination
  • ceftolozane, tazobactam drug combination
  • meropenem and vaborbactam
  • eravacycline
  • omadacycline
  • Cilastatin, Imipenem Drug Combination
  • Ceftazidime
  • Meropenem
  • plazomicin
  • Tazobactam
  • Sisomicin
  • relebactam