Evaluation and characterization of skeletal muscle pathology is a frequently encountered indication for musculoskeletal imaging. Causes of muscle pathology are diverse and include traumatic, autoimmune, infectious, inflammatory, neurologic, and neoplastic. Each etiology while dramatically different in the pathophysiology may present with similar imaging features. An understanding of the subtle differences in imaging features between the pathologic conditions may serve to guide diagnosis and treatment in these often complex cases. In this section, we will discuss the various skeletal muscle pathologies and the imaging features associated with each.
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