Development and validation of a knowledge, attitude and practice questionnaire of personal use of tranquilizers

Narmeen Mallah; Rubén Rodríguez-Cano; Adolfo Figueiras; Bahi Takkouche

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108730

Development and validation of a knowledge, attitude and practice questionnaire of personal use of tranquilizers

Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Jul 1:224:108730. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108730. Epub 2021 Apr 24.

Authors

Narmeen Mallah¹, Rubén Rodríguez-Cano², Adolfo Figueiras¹, Bahi Takkouche³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBER-ESP), Madrid, Spain; Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
² PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway.
³ Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBER-ESP), Madrid, Spain; Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain. Electronic address: bahi.takkouche@usc.es.

PMID: 33930642
DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108730

Abstract

Background: Tranquilizer misuse is insufficiently acknowledged as a public health problem despite its alarming consequences. Instruments to measure psychosocial factors related to tranquilizer misuse are lacking. We aimed to develop and validate a Knowledge, Attitude and Practice questionnaire of tranquilizer misuse by adults in Spain.

Methods: The questionnaire was designed after an extensive literature review and several meetings with experts. We assessed face and content validity, and pilot tested the questionnaire. We examined its reliability by test-retest analysis in a sample of 145 adults. We distributed the questionnaire to 879 individuals, tested the construct validity through Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), measured its overall reliability and determined its acceptability.

Results: The Item Content Validity Index (I-CVI from 0.78 to 1.00), the Scale Content Validity Index, using the averaging method (S-CVI/Ave = 0.95) and the fact that the modified Kappa statistic for each of the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice items was equal to I-CVI demonstrated the content validity of the questionnaire. The Intra-Class Correlation coefficients for Knowledge and Attitude items were > 0.5, establishing their reliability. The Knowledge and Attitude construct was modeled using CFA and the model showed a good fit, thus establishing its validity. The overall reliability of the construct was revealed by Cronbach՚s alpha values > 0.6. The questionnaire was highly accepted (response rate = 95 % and item non-response ≤ 4%).

Conclusions: The validity of the developed questionnaire was established. Its availability will stimulate the initiation of research on tranquilizer misuse and will consequently help in designing related public health interventions.

Keywords: Attitudes and practices; Knowledge; Misuse; Questionnaire validation; Tranquilizers.

Publication types

Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

Adult
Factor Analysis, Statistical
Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice*
Humans
Psychometrics
Reproducibility of Results
Spain
Surveys and Questionnaires