Antimicrobial and cytocompatible chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, and tanfloc-based polyelectrolyte multilayers on gellan gum films

Késsily B Rufato; Paulo R Souza; Ariel C de Oliveira; Sharise B R Berton; Roberta M Sabino; Edvani C Muniz; Ketul C Popat; Eduardo Radovanovic; Matt J Kipper; Alessandro F Martins

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.04.138

Antimicrobial and cytocompatible chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, and tanfloc-based polyelectrolyte multilayers on gellan gum films

Int J Biol Macromol. 2021 Jul 31:183:727-742. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.04.138. Epub 2021 Apr 26.

Affiliations

¹ Group of Polymeric Materials and Composites, Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá (UEM), PR 87020-900, Brazil.
² Laboratory of Materials, Macromolecules, and Composites, Federal University of Technology - Paraná (UTFPR-Apucarana), PR 86812-460, Brazil; Group of Polymeric Materials and Composites, Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá (UEM), PR 87020-900, Brazil.
³ School of Advanced Materials Discovery, Colorado State University (CSU), Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University (CSU), Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
⁴ Group of Polymeric Materials and Composites, Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá (UEM), PR 87020-900, Brazil; Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, PI 64049-550, Brazil.
⁵ Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University (CSU), Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; School of Advanced Materials Discovery, Colorado State University (CSU), Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University (CSU), Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
⁶ Laboratory of Materials, Macromolecules, and Composites, Federal University of Technology - Paraná (UTFPR-Apucarana), PR 86812-460, Brazil; Group of Polymeric Materials and Composites, Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá (UEM), PR 87020-900, Brazil; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University (CSU), Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA. Electronic address: afmartins@utfpr.edu.br.

PMID: 33915214
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.04.138

Abstract

In this work free-standing gels formed from gellan gum (GG) by solvent evaporation are coated with polysaccharide-based polyelectrolyte multilayers, using the layer-by-layer approach. We show that PEMs composed of iota-carrageenan (CAR) and three different natural polycationic polymers have composition-dependent antimicrobial properties, and support mammalian cell growth. Cationic polymers (chitosan (CHT), N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan (TMC), and an amino-functionalized tannin derivative (TN)) are individually assembled with the anionic iota-carrageenan (CAR) at pH 5.0. PEMs (15-layers) are alternately deposited on the GG film. The GG film and coated GG films with PEMs are characterized by infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and water contact angle (WCA) measurements. The TN/CAR coating provides a hydrophobic (WCA = 127°) and rough surface (R_q = 243 ± 48 nm), and the TMC/CAR coating provides a hydrophilic surface (WCA = 78°) with the lowest roughness (R_q = 97 ± 12 nm). Polymer coatings promote stability and durability of the GG film, and introduce antimicrobial properties against Gram-negative (Salmonella enteritidis) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria. The films are also cytocompatible. Therefore, they have properties that can be further developed as wound dressings and food packaging.

Keywords: Anti-adhesive coatings; Iota-carrageenan; Polysaccharides.

MeSH terms

Anti-Infective Agents / chemical synthesis*
Anti-Infective Agents / chemistry
Anti-Infective Agents / pharmacology
Biocompatible Materials / chemical synthesis*
Biocompatible Materials / chemistry
Biocompatible Materials / pharmacology
Carrageenan / chemistry*
Chitosan / chemistry*
Food Packaging
Gram-Negative Bacteria / drug effects
Gram-Positive Bacteria / drug effects
Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions
Microscopy, Atomic Force
Photoelectron Spectroscopy
Polyelectrolytes
Polysaccharides, Bacterial / chemistry*
Wound Healing

Substances

Anti-Infective Agents
Biocompatible Materials
N-trimethyl chitosan chloride
Polyelectrolytes
Polysaccharides, Bacterial
gellan gum
Carrageenan
Chitosan