Coiled-coil heterodimers with increased stability for cellular regulation and sensing SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-mediated cell fusion

Sci Rep. 2021 Apr 28;11(1):9136. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-88315-3.

Abstract

Coiled-coil (CC) dimer-forming peptides are attractive designable modules for mediating protein association. Highly stable CCs are desired for biological activity regulation and assay. Here, we report the design and versatile applications of orthogonal CC dimer-forming peptides with a dissociation constant in the low nanomolar range. In vitro stability and specificity was confirmed in mammalian cells by enzyme reconstitution, transcriptional activation using a combination of DNA-binding and a transcriptional activation domain, and cellular-enzyme-activity regulation based on externally-added peptides. In addition to cellular regulation, coiled-coil-mediated reporter reconstitution was used for the detection of cell fusion mediated by the interaction between the spike protein of pandemic SARS-CoV2 and the ACE2 receptor. This assay can be used to investigate the mechanism of viral spike protein-mediated fusion or screening for viral inhibitors under biosafety level 1 conditions.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 / genetics
  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 / metabolism
  • Cell Fusion
  • Circular Dichroism
  • Giant Cells / virology
  • Green Fluorescent Proteins / genetics
  • Green Fluorescent Proteins / metabolism
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Host-Pathogen Interactions / physiology*
  • Humans
  • Luciferases / genetics
  • Luciferases / metabolism
  • Membrane Fusion
  • Peptides / chemistry*
  • Peptides / genetics
  • Peptides / metabolism*
  • Protein Engineering / methods
  • Protein Multimerization
  • Protein Stability
  • Serine Endopeptidases / genetics
  • Serine Endopeptidases / metabolism
  • Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus / metabolism*
  • Transcription, Genetic

Substances

  • Peptides
  • Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
  • spike protein, SARS-CoV-2
  • Green Fluorescent Proteins
  • Luciferases
  • ACE2 protein, human
  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2
  • Serine Endopeptidases
  • TMPRSS2 protein, human