Dexamethasone reduces infectious bursal disease mortality in chickens

J Vet Sci. 2021 May;22(3):e33. doi: 10.4142/jvs.2021.22.e33. Epub 2021 Mar 23.

Abstract

Very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvIBDV) causes high mortality in chickens but measures to reduce the mortality have not been explored. Chickens (8-9 weeks) were treated with 3 agents before and during vvIBDV inoculation. Dexamethasone treatment reduced the mortality of infected chickens (40.7% vs. 3.7%; p < 0.001), but treatment with aspirin or vitamin E plus selenium did not affect the mortality. The bursa of Fabricius appeared to have shrunk in both dead and surviving chickens (p < 0.01). The results indicate that dexamethasone can reduce mortality in vvIBDV-infected chickens and may provide therapeutic clues for saving individual birds infected by the virus.

Keywords: Very virulent infectious bursal disease virus; aspirin; bursa of Fabricius; bursa-to-body-weight ratio; nitric oxide; selenium; vitamin E.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / administration & dosage
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / pharmacology
  • Antioxidants / administration & dosage
  • Antioxidants / pharmacology
  • Aspirin / administration & dosage
  • Aspirin / pharmacology
  • Birnaviridae Infections / mortality
  • Birnaviridae Infections / prevention & control
  • Birnaviridae Infections / veterinary*
  • Chickens*
  • Dexamethasone / pharmacology*
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / administration & dosage
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / pharmacology*
  • Infectious bursal disease virus / physiology
  • Poultry Diseases / mortality
  • Poultry Diseases / prevention & control*
  • Selenium / administration & dosage
  • Selenium / pharmacology
  • Vitamin E / administration & dosage
  • Vitamin E / pharmacology
  • Vitamins / administration & dosage
  • Vitamins / pharmacology

Substances

  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
  • Antioxidants
  • Immunosuppressive Agents
  • Vitamins
  • Vitamin E
  • Dexamethasone
  • Selenium
  • Aspirin