Baohuoside I Inhibits the Proliferation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells via Apoptosis Signaling and NF-kB Pathway

Chem Biodivers. 2021 Jun;18(6):e2100063. doi: 10.1002/cbdv.202100063. Epub 2021 Apr 27.

Abstract

Baohuoside I is a flavonoid isolated from Epimedium koreanum Nakai and has many pharmacological activities. However, its role in liver cancer remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of Baohuoside I on the Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) cell lines QGY7703, and underlying mechanisms. QGY7703 cells were used as the model to assess the function of Baohuoside I in vitro. The effects of Baohuoside I on QGY7703 cells' growth, proliferation, and invasiveness were confirmed by CCK-8, lactate dehydrogenase release, and invasion assays. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry, and the levels of cleaved Caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2 were quantified by western blot. Western blot analysis, nuclear translocation of NF-κB, and Q-PCR were used to measure the expression of affected molecules. In QGY7703 cells, Baohuoside I induced the expression of molecules related to NF-κB pathway. The toxicity of Baohuoside I on QGY7703 cells was also confirmed in vivo, in a tumor model. Baohuoside I had a significant toxic effect on QGY7703 cells from a concentration of 10 μM. This compound significantly inhibited the proliferation of QGY7703 cells by inducing apoptosis and downregulating NF-κB signaling pathway. Thus, Baohuoside I is a novel candidate drug and opens new possibilities of clinical strategies for HCC treatment.

Keywords: Baohuoside I; NF-κB; apoptosis; tumor.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / chemistry
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / pharmacology*
  • Apoptosis / drug effects*
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / drug therapy*
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / metabolism
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / pathology
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
  • Flavonoids / chemistry
  • Flavonoids / pharmacology*
  • Liver Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Liver Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Liver Neoplasms / pathology
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Mice, Nude
  • NF-kappa B / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • NF-kappa B / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic
  • Flavonoids
  • NF-kappa B
  • baohuoside I